Incident
Date | Jul 14, 1967 |
Department | Buffalo Police Department |
Address | Buffalo, NY |
Incident Description
On 14 July 1967, Black anarchist of Puerto Rican descent, Martin Sostre, was arrested at his Afro-Asian Bookstore in Buffalo, New York and charged with “sale of narcotics, riot, arson, and assault.”
Sostre, who previously described himself as a “street dude, a hustler” became politically active during a period of incarceration. Upon his release, he got a job as a steelworker and saved up to open a radical bookshop.
The bookstore attracted student radicals as well as neighborhood youth. During the rebellions of 1967, it became a refuge and base. Several weeks after the uprising, police and the FBI raided Sostre’s shop and framed him with a $15 bag of heroin using an informant.
Sostre faced an exorbitant bail and languished in jail for eight months before being forced to represent himself when a judge suddenly rushed the case to trial. There, he challenged potential white jurors about their feelings on integration. “I don’t see any black faces" (there were no potential black jurors), he said. “I want to be tried by my peers.” He spoke out against the twin evils of racism and militarism before eventually being handcuffed and gagged a year before it happened to Bobby Seale in Chicago. Sostre tried to hand his legal appeal to the judge on his way out of the courtroom, raised his fist, and told the audience to “keep resisting.”
Over the next eight years, Sostre appealed his case while also winning landmark legal victories over political censorship, solitary confinement, and the rights of prisoners to due process. He also organized chapters of the Black Panther Party and prisoners’ labor unions, established radical study groups and lending libraries, and published several revolutionary newspapers. During the final years of his incarceration, he identified as a revolutionary anarchist and refused to shave his ¼ inch beard or submit to mandatory rectal “searches.” For refusing these state-sanctioned sexual assaults, he was beaten nearly a dozen times. Finally, after having been named a prisoner of conscience by Amnesty International and with the support of defense committees across the world, his sentence was commuted by Governor Hugh Carey on Christmas Day 1975.
“For me this is a continuous struggle whether I am on the outside or the inside,” Sostre announced. “If the battlefield changes, my struggle never changes.” He continued to organize, leading tenant's rights efforts in Harlem and co-founding a group called the Juvenile Education and Awareness Project (JEAP) with Sandy Shevack in New Jersey. JEAP combined jobs training with political education and youth mentorship, and over the course of nearly a decade, the group employed nearly 100 teenagers to renovated five buildings, transforming these abandoned properties into a community center, daycare, and apartments rented for below market price.
Martin Sostre passed away on August 12, 2015 at the age of 92. At the height of his international prominence, radical attorney William Kunstler remembered Sostre as a “Promethean figure, a hero to other inmates and to ourselves. He should not even have been in jail, but while he was, the state did all it could to destroy what it could not destroy – his indomitable will.”
Today, the Martin Sostre Institute continues his legacy.
Source: the Martin Sostre Institute
Links
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Martin Sostre arrested
Working Class History
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How One Inmate Changed The Prison System From The Inside
He was a fearless prison activist at the dawn of the age of mass incarceration, an inmate willing to risk months in solitary confinement to fight for prisoners' rights. He was one of the first prisoners to successfully challenge his conditions in court and won his biggest victory when he crossed paths with a pioneering judge. - NPR | Joseph Shapiro
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Martin Sostre Communique
Pg 4 - Peoples Witness | Sacramento Solidarity Committee
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Sostre in Solidarity
Pg 12 - Gerald Gross Chairman or Buffalo Chapter of YAWF
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Martin Sostre
Pg 9 - BPP Right On!
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Martin Sostre
Pg 17 - A Decade in Defence of Human Rights 1968 - 1978 | National Conference of Black Lawyers
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Sostre -- A luta continua
Pg 4 - Attica News
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A short biography of Martin Sostre
A short biography of Martin Sostre, a revolutionary anarchist influential in the 1960s-70s prison movement. First published on Lorenzo Kom'boa Ervin's facebook page and then republished by Black Rose Anarchist Federation. This is the introduction to a forthcoming zine to be published by South Chicago ABC Zine Distro. - Libcom | Lorenzo Kom'boa Ervin | Black Rose Anarchist Federation
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The Martin Sostre Institute
The Martin Sostre Institute
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Martin Sostre – Enemy of the State
Sostre’s legal victories in federal court as a pro se litigant challenging New York State prison practices continue to have profound ramifications for the prisoners’ rights movement, particularly around issues of solitary confinement, censorship of written materials and correspondence, religious freedom and expression, and access to courts and legal representation while incarcerated. - Laura Molik | Albany Law School
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Justice for Geraldine and Martin
Community members gathered at Burning Books, to announce the application to the Erie County District Attorney’s Office Conviction Integrity unit to review and vacate the convictions of Geraldine (Robinson) Pointer and Martin Sostre, stemming from falsified and uncorroborated arrests almost fifty-seven years earlier, on July 15th, 1967. Attendees called upon Acting Erie County District Attorney Michael J. Keane to exonerate Pointer and Sostre. - The Buffalo Criterion
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Martin Sostre Bookseller Turned Black Revolutionary (1967)
Several months after opening his Afro‑Asian Bookstore in 1966 Martin Sostne had "two visitors who after some careful browsing, came to the counter, identified themselves as FBI agents." Was Sostre the proprietor? Yes. Was he affiliated with any Socialist or Communist group? No. Why then was he selling that type of literature? "As the owner of the bookshop," Martin said, "I alone determine what books are sold in the shop . . . a right guaranteed me in the Constitution." The Agents left. Then two months later two detectives from the Buffalo Subversive Squad came to the store. - Elwin H. Powell
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Sostre v. Festa, 423 U.S. 841, (1975) (No. 74-1649)
Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United State Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Detail how Buffalo Police collude with informant Arto William to frame Martin. - United State Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
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The Crime of Martin Sostre
Vincent Copeland
Videos
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Frame Up! The Imprisonment of Martin Sostre
Short Documentary on the life and trials of Prisoner's Rights Advocate Martin Sostre.